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The purpose of the study was to ascertain perceptions, by teachers, of some features of secondary school functioning. Eighty‐nine teachers responded to a question‐schedule dealing with various aspects of school life. Results showed that, while there were differences in perceptions between those classified as having low or high status, there were also differences associated with particular interests. It was concluded that a universalistic view of schools as organizations would not appear to have a firm foundation.

Considerable importance has been attached, in recent years, to the academic aspects of the professional development of secondary school principals. A case is presented for several issues to be included in education for administration. The purposes of this education should be clearly stated; principals should be acquainted with ways of evaluating administration in their own schools; the many implications of the changing nature of secondary education should be considered. The writer suggests that administrators should study ways in which the school and its structures can influence pupils' social development. Organisational theory, an enduring issue, is considered in terms of a multidisciplinary approach to the study of educational administration.

No matter what the organization's activity, or country, the better the decisions of its managers and leaders, the more likely that the organization will thrive.

This paper examines how the adoption of e‐commerce will influence the processes of dissemination, communication and management of information in the AEC industry. We argue that e‐commerce will render redundant the business models that currently support these processes, and propose templates for the business models of the future. Effective information flow is fundamental to the process of realizing a construction project and within this project information pool, manufacturers' product information forms a core component. It provides designers with technical information to support decision making during design, the data necessary to communicate specification requirements to contractors and finally a means by which contractors can source the materials required to construct the project. We examine the current business model and motivations for each actor in this sector before going on to discuss the areas where e‐commerce can most effectively be adopted. We propose a three generation model for e‐business and conclude by describing the changes to the underlying business models that we believe are necessary to support effective e‐commerce in the future.

Based on the theoretical and scientific literature, academic and career decisions to pursue STEM fields are made at the high school level, and Black high school students are more likely to participate in career and technical education (CTE) programs but are less likely to participate in CTE programs related to STEM. Additionally, Black male students are less likely to have taken the necessary prerequisites to pursue STEM fields in postsecondary education. As a result, Black male high school students are underprepared to pursue STEM college majors and careers.

However, when students participate in STEM high school CTE programs (e.g., career academies), they eventually attain STEM occupations. In this chapter, we will examine the role that high school career academies play, from the perspectives of school stakeholders, in addressing the talent pipeline by broadening the participation of Black males in STEM majors and careers.

Corporate marketers have jumped on the micromarketing bandwagon, but many have discovered that the path to profits contains a number of potholes. This article details three companies' niche marketing mistakes; the author suggests how to avoid them.

This chapter examines the framing of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) Movement in mainstream media. An analytic sample of 4,303 articles collected from the Dow Jones Factiva database reveals variation in depth, breadth, and intensity of BLM coverage in the following newspapers between 2012 and 2016: The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, and Al Jazeera English. We review contemporary literature on racial inequality and employ Media Framing and Critical Race Theory to discuss the implications of our findings on public perceptions, future policy formation, and contemporary social protest worldwide.

An aerothermodynamic design code for axisymmetric projectiles has been developed using a viscous‐inviscid interaction scheme. Separate solution procedures for the inviscid and the viscous (boundary layer) fluid dynamic equations are coupled by an iterative solution procedure. Non‐equilibrium, equilibrium and perfect gas boundary layer equations are included. The non‐equilibrium gas boundary layer equations assume a binary mixture (two species; atoms and molecules) of chemically reacting perfect gases. Conservation equations for each species include finite reaction rates applicable to high temperature air. The equilibrium gas boundary layer equations assume infinite rate reactions, while the perfect gas equations assume no chemical reactions. Projectile near‐wall and surface flow profiles (velocity, pressure, density, temperature and heat transfer) representing converged solutions to both the inviscid and viscous equations can be obtained in less than two minutes on minicomputers. A technique for computing local reverse flow regions is included. Computations for yawed projectiles are accomplished using a coordinate system transformation technique that is valid for small angle‐of‐attack. Computed surface pressure, heat transfer rates and aerodynamic forces and moments for 1.25 &le Mach No. &le 10.5 are compared to wind tunnel and free flight measurements on flat plate, blunt‐cone, and projectile geometries such as a cone‐cylinder‐flare.

As other worldwide sourcing industries the retail sector is also prone to various forms of corruption. In particular large retail chains doing business in developing countries are often faced with corrupt bureaucracy and struggle with dubious administrative processes. On the other hand the purchasing divisions of large retailers decide upon million dollar deals with their suppliers which may tempt manufacturers to pay bribes for winning the deal. While such forms of corruption may be found also for other businesses there are other practices which may be recognized as corruption which are typical in the retail sector. One of the most controversial discussions concerns the practice of so-called slotting fees which are charged to manufacturers as a contribution to the handling costs of the retailer. Since such fees are negotiated in secrecy and not broken down by categories of expenditure they are often seen as a bribery-like payment demanded for getting contracts or staying in business. In the following chapter we will analyze these practices from an economic perspective. We will provide some empirical findings on how such payments are assessed in practice and conclude with some ethical considerations concerning the practice and the effects of slotting fees.

Examines factors affecting the implementation of business process re‐engineering (BPR) projects using Internet technology. Although there has been some empirical investigation of BPR, no research to date has specifically examined BPR when Internet technology is used during implementation. Radical changes may occur as a result of an organization’s BPR implementation causing a BPR project to be unsuccessful. BPR failure rates have been reported as high as 70 percent, making implementation issues especially important. Each information technology (IT) used during BPR implementation may affect managerial factors differently. By determining factors that affect BPR implementation using a specific IT, these factors can be managed to increase the chance of a successful BPR implementation. Uses a survey methodology and correlation analysis to gather information about the relationship between organizational enablers and successful BPR implementations using Internet technology. The factors examined in this research were: egalitarian culture; resource management; resistance management; and change management.